Citation Quick Guide (APA, MLA, Chicago, AMA)

This guide will provide quick citation guidelines for common resource types in APA, MLA, Chicago-Style, and AMA..

• Getting Started
• APA Style
• MLA Style
• Chicago-Style
• AMA Style
  • Journal Articles
  • Print Books
  • E-Books
  • Chapter of a Book
  • Websites
  • Government/Organization Reports
  • News Releases

  Additional AMA Guidelines

  For additional AMA Style guidelines, please see the AMA Style page from the OWL at Purdue.

  AMA Manual of Style, 11th Edition The AMA Manual of Style offers guidance on nuts-and-bolts topics including punctuation, capitalization, and grammar. It also provides guidance on how to navigate the dilemmas that authors, researchers and their institutions, medical editors and publishers, writers, and members of the news media who cover scientific research confront on a daily basis.

  Call Number: Weaver Library Reference R119.A533 2020 ISBN: 9780190246556 Publication Date: 2020

  Tip: Use the most recent version of the citation style unless your instructor requests otherwise.

  General Formatting Guidelines

  • For both the body of the paper and the references list, cite each source in numerical order (in the order which they were cited) using superscript numerals. Put these numerals outside of commas and periods and inside semicolons and colons.
  • Two references to the same source should not be combined in the reference list, and should be listed the same number of times, in the same order, it was cited in the text.
  • Single space within citations, and double space between citations.
  • Do not use commas or periods to separate author's last name and first and middle initial. Only separate multiple authors' names.

  In the AMA Format Quick Guide from Liberty University you will find a few examples of AMA formatted papers.

  Formatting Guidelines from the University of Washington's Health Sciences Library's AMA Style Guide.

  Journal Articles

  Reference List Basic Format: Online Journal Article

  AuthorLast FirstInitial. Title of article. Abbreviated Journal Title. Year;Volume(Issue):Pages. URL/DOI.

  Reference List Example: Online Journal Articles

  Quiroz YT, Schultz AP, Chen K, et al. Brain imaging and blood biomarker abnormalities in children with autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease: a cross-sectional study. JAMA Neurol. 2015;72(8):912-919. doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2015.1099.

  Reference List Basic Format: Print Journal Article

  AuthorLast FirstInitital. Title of article. Abbreviated Journal Title. Year:Volume(Issue):Pages.

  Reference List Example: Print Journal Article

  Compston A, Coles A. Multiple sclerosis. The Lancet. 2008;372(9648):1502-1517.

  Notes:

  • Use journal abbreviations provided in the AMA Manual of Style (11th edition) on pages 575-579. Journal abbreviations can also be found in th NLM Catalog by doing an advanced search for the full journal title (be sure to change the filed to journal using the drop down arrow).

  Print Books

  Reference Page Basic Format:

  Author Last FirstInitial. Title of Book. Edition (if applicable). Publisher; Year.

  Reference Page Example: Whole Authored Books

  Patterson JW. Weedon's Skin Pathology. 4th ed. Churchill Livingstone; 2016.

  Reference Page Example: Edited Books

  Etzel RA, Balk SJ, eds. Pediatric Environmental Health. American Academy of Pediatrics; 2011.

  E-Books

  Reference Page Basic Format:

  Author Last FirstInitial. Title of Book. Edition (if applicable). Publisher; Year. Accessed Date. DOI/URL

  Reference Page Example:

  Williamson J. The Complete Guide to Precision Reflexology. 2nd ed. Andrews UK; 2010. Accessed September 9, 2021. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/gfcmsu/detail.action?docID=1790770

  Chapter of a Book

  Reference List Basic Format:

  AuthorLast FirstIinitial. Title of book chapter. In: EditorLast FirstInitial, ed. Title of Whole Book. Edition (if applicable). Publisher; Year:chapter pages.

  Reference List Example:

  Hemer SR. Global health, Tuberculosis and local health campaigns: reinforcing and reshaping health and gender inequalities in Lihir, Papua New Guinea. In Bainton N, McDougal D, Alexeyeff, et al., eds. Unequal Lives: Gender, Race, and Class in the Western Pacific. ANU Press; 2021:131-156.

  Websites

  Reference List Basic Format:

  AuthorLast FirstInitial (if available). Title of item cited (webpage, etc). Title of Website. Date Published (if available). Date Updated (if available). Date Accessed. URL.

  Reference List Example:

  What happens to the brain in Alzheimers Disease? National Institute on Aging. Updated May 16, 2017. Accessed September 9, 2021. https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/what-happens-brain-alzheimers-disease

  Notes:

  • If no title for the website is given, use the name of the organization responsible for the site.

  Government/Organization Reports

  Reference List Basic Format:

  Government/Organization Author Name. Title of Report. Publication Date. Updated/Revised Date. Accessed Date. URL.

  Reference List Example:

  Office of the Surgeon General. Confronting health misinformation: the U.S. Surgeon General's advisory on building a healthy information environment. 2021. Reviewed July 15, 2021. Accessed September 9, 2021. https://www.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/surgeon-general-misinformation-advisory.pdf

  Notes:

  • In general, these types of reports are treated much like electronic journal and book references: use the journal style for articles and the book style for monographs.
  • Of the dates published, updated/revised, and accessed, often only the accessed date will be available.

  News Releases

  News Release Basic Format:

  Title of news release. Type of document. Organization/Publisher of Release. Date Published. Date Accessed. URL.

  News Release Examples: